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IVF_PQ Index

Compresses vectors into short codes · huge memory savings, slight accuracy trade-off

IVF_PQ compresses each vector into short codes using a codebook. Huge memory savings with slight accuracy trade-off, adjustable via compression level.

Flow: 📥 Vector ✂️ Split 📚 Quantize 🔢 Code 🏆 Approx Match
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Query Vector

Editable
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Compression Level

Memory used 50%
Original: 12 bytes ≈ 6 bytes
Accuracy: Medium
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Stored Vectors

Edit values · change compression · watch scores shift.

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Approximate Ranked Results

Live

Similarity is computed using compressed vectors. Higher compression may change the ranking.

💡 Key Idea

Codebook replacement. only short codes stored. High compression = less memory, less accuracy.

✅ Best For

Large datasets with tight RAM budgets, edge devices, mobile.

Product quantization compresses harder. Vectors are split into sub-vectors and each is replaced with a short code, saving far more memory than SQ8.
The trade-off is a slightly larger accuracy drop than IVF_SQ8, since compression is more aggressive.
IVF_PQ is popular for billion-scale datasets where memory is the biggest constraint.
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Key Takeaway

IVF_PQ compresses vectors into short codes, giving huge memory savings for very large datasets at the cost of a bit more accuracy.